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1 cupola shell
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2 cupola shell
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3 cupola shell
Металлургия: кожух вагранки -
4 breaking-out of cupola shell
Техника: прорыв кожуха вагранкиУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > breaking-out of cupola shell
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5 shell cupola
English-German dictionary of Architecture and Construction > shell cupola
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6 cupola stack
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7 balanced-blast cupola
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > balanced-blast cupola
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8 blast cupola
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9 metallurgical blast cupola
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > metallurgical blast cupola
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10 reservoir cupola
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > reservoir cupola
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11 tank cupola
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12 water-cooled cupola
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > water-cooled cupola
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13 protective shell
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > protective shell
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14 stack shell
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15 pump shell
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > pump shell
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16 tube-mill shell
The English-Russian dictionary general scientific > tube-mill shell
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17 Brunelleschi, Filippo
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 1377 Florence, Italyd. 15 April 1446 Florence, Italy[br]Italian artist, craftsman and architect who introduced the Italian Renaissance style of classical architecture in the fifteenth century.[br]Brunelleschi was a true "Renaissance Man" in that he excelled in several disciplines, as did most artists of the Italian Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was a goldsmith and sculptor; fifteenth-century writers acknowledge him as the first to study and demonstrate the principles of perspective, and he clearly possessed a deep mathematical understanding of the principles of architectural structure.Brunelleschi's Foundling Hospital in Florence, begun in 1419, is accepted as the first Renaissance building, one whose architectural style is based upon a blend of the classical principles and decoration of Ancient Rome and those of the Tuscan Romanesque. Brunelleschi went on to design a number of important Renaissance structures in Florence, such as the basilicas of San Lorenzo and Santo Spirito, the Pazzi Chapel at Santa Croce, and the unfinished church of Santa Maria degli Angeli.However, the artistic and technical feat for which Brunelleschi is most famed is the completion of Florence Cathedral by constructing a dome above the octagonal drum which had been completed in 1412. The building of this dome presented what appeared to be at the time insuperable problems, which had caused previous cathedral architects to shy away from tackling it. The drum was nearly 140 ft (43 m) in diameter and its base was 180 ft (55 m) above floor level: no wooden centering was possible because no trees long enough to span the gap could be found, and even if they had been available, the weight of such a massive framework would have broken centering beneath. In addition, the drum had no external abutment, so the weight of the dome must exert excessive lateral thrust. Aesthetically, the ideal Renaissance dome, like the Roman dome before it (for example, the Pantheon) was a hemisphere, but in the case of the Florence Cathedral such a structure would have been unsafe, so Brunelleschi created a pointed dome that would create less thrust laterally. He constructed eight major ribs of stone and, between them, sixteen minor ones, using a light infilling. He constructed a double-shell dome, which was the first of this type but is a design that has been followed by nearly all major architects since this date (for example Michelangelo's Saint Peter's in Rome, and Wren's Saint Paul's in London). Further strength is given by a herringbone pattern of masonry and brick infilling, and by tension chains of massive blocks, fastened with iron and with iron chains above, girding the dome at three levels. A large lantern finally stops the 50 ft (15.25 m) diameter eye at the point of the dome. Construction of the Florence Cathedral dome was begun on 7 August 1420 and was completed to the base of the lantern sixteen years later. It survives as the peak of Brunelleschi's Renaissance achievement.[br]Further ReadingPeter Murray, 1963, The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance, Batsford, Ch. 2. Howard Saalman, 1980, Filippo Brunelleschi: The Cupola of Santa Maria del Fiore, Zwemmer.Piero Sanpaolesi, 1977, La Cupola di Santa Maria del Fiore: Il Progetto: La Costruzione, Florence: Edam.Eugenio Battisti, 1981, Brunelleschi: The Complete Work, Thames and Hudson.DY -
18 heat
1) жар
2) жаровой
3) забег
4) каление
5) нагревать
6) накаливать
7) натапливать
8) натопить
9) обогревать
10) плавочный
11) подогрев
12) подогревать
13) тепло
14) тепловоспринимающий
15) тепловый
16) теплозащитный
17) теплообменный
18) теплота
19) тепловой
20) тепловая энергия
21) нагреваться
22) накаливаться
23) греть
24) калильный
25) жаровый
26) котел
27) накалить
28) теплоемкость
29) калория
– accumulation of heat
– available heat
– blow heat
– bring to red heat
– by-product heat
– cold heat
– convection heat
– cupola heat
– diverted heat
– evaporation heat
– external heat
– finishing off a heat
– generate heat
– heat abstraction
– heat ageing
– heat balance
– heat barrier
– heat blower
– heat capacity
– heat carrier
– heat chamber
– heat conducting
– heat conduction
– heat conductivity
– heat conductor
– heat consumer
– heat content
– heat demand
– heat detector
– heat differential
– heat dissipation
– heat emission
– heat energy
– heat engine
– heat engineering
– heat exchange
– heat exchanger
– heat exchanging
– heat filter
– heat finishing
– heat flow
– heat generation
– heat generator
– heat input
– heat insulation
– heat log
– heat model
– heat of combustion
– heat of formation
– heat of superheat
– heat of vaporization
– heat peeling
– heat pick-up
– heat pipe
– heat production
– heat productivity
– heat rate
– heat rating
– heat rays
– heat recovery
– heat regeneration
– heat removal
– heat removing
– heat requirement
– heat resistance
– heat run
– heat sample
– heat schedule
– heat shield
– heat shielding
– heat shock
– heat sink
– heat source
– heat sterilization
– heat storage
– heat stress
– heat supply
– heat supplying
– heat tapping
– heat test
– heat time
– heat transfer
– heat transmission
– heat transmitting
– heat transport
– heat treatment
– heat utilization
– heat waves
– internal heat
– Joulean heat
– latent heat
– liberate heat
– low heat value
– low-grade heat
– melting heat
– overblow heat
– pour heat
– progress of heat
– quantity of heat
– radiant heat
– radiogenic heat
– recover heat
– red heat
– residual heat
– resistance to heat
– sensible heat
– specific heat
– store heat
– surplus heat
– total heat
– utilize heat
– viscous heat
– waste heat
– waste-gas heat
– welding heat
– work the heat
ablation heat shield — <cosm.> экран тепловой эрозионный
counter-current heat exchanger — противоточный теплообменник
cross-flow heat exchanger — теплообменник с перекрестным током
float-head heat exchanger — теплообменник с плавающей головкой
heat exchange coefficient — <phys.> коэффициент теплообмена
heat transfer coefficient — <phys.> коэффициент теплоотдачи, коэффициент теплопередачи
intermediate heat exchanger — <engin.> теплообменник промежутночный
mechanical equivalent of heat — механический эквивалент тепла
U-tube heat exchanger — теплообменник с У-образными трубками
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19 furnace
1) печь2) топка; горн3) вагранка•- batch furnace
- batch-type furnace
- bath furnace
- bell furnace
- bell-type furnace
- bogie furnace
- bogie hearth furnace
- brazing furnace
- chamber furnace
- continuous furnace
- conveyor furnace
- conveyor-type furnace
- crucible furnace
- cupola furnace
- direct arc furnace
- direct resistance furnace
- discontinuous furnace
- draw furnace
- drawing furnace
- electric arc furnace
- electric resistance furnace
- elevator furnace
- elevator-type furnace
- heating furnace
- heat-treating furnace
- heat-treatment furnace
- image arc furnace
- indirect arc furnace
- indirect resistance furnace
- induction channel furnace
- induction crucible furnace
- induction furnace
- low-thermal mass furnace
- multizone furnace
- pit furnace
- plasma furnace
- pusher furnace
- pusher-type furnace
- reheating furnace
- resistance furnace
- roller hearth furnace
- rotary hearth continuous furnace
- rotary hearth furnace
- shaft furnace
- shaker hearth furnace
- shell sintering furnace
- skid hearth furnace
- submerged arc furnace
- submerged resistance furnace
- tempering furnace
- vacuum furnace
- walking-beam furnaceEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > furnace
См. также в других словарях:
Cupola — • A spherical ceiling, or a bowl shaped vault, rising like an inverted cup over a circular, square, or multangular building or any part of it Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Cupola Cupola … Catholic encyclopedia
Cupola furnace — A cupola furnace in operation at Wayne State University, in Detroit, Michigan A Cupola or Cupola furnace is a melting device used in foundries that can be used to melt cast iron, ni resist iron and some bronzes. The cupola can be made almost any… … Wikipedia
Lantern shell — Lantern Lan tern (l[a^]n t[ e]rn), n. [F. lanterne, L. lanterna, laterna, from Gr. lampth r light, torch. See {Lamp}.] 1. Something inclosing a light, and protecting it from wind, rain, etc.; sometimes portable, as a closed vessel or case of horn … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
mosaic — mosaically, adv. /moh zay ik/, n., adj., v., mosaicked, mosaicking. n. 1. a picture or decoration made of small, usually colored pieces of inlaid stone, glass, etc. 2. the process of producing such a picture or decoration. 3. something resembling … Universalium
Mosaic — /moh zay ik/, adj. of or pertaining to Moses or the writings, laws, and principles attributed to him: Mosaic ethics. Also, Mosaical. [1655 65; < NL Mosaicus, equiv. to LL Mos(es) MOSES + aicus, on the model of Hebraicus Hebraic] * * * Surface… … Universalium
Dome — For other uses, see Dome (disambiguation). Domal redirects here. For domal consonants , see Retroflex consonant. Dome of St. Peter s Basilica in Rome crowned by a cupola. Designed primarily by Michelangelo, the dome was not completed until 1590 A … Wikipedia
Western architecture — Introduction history of Western architecture from prehistoric Mediterranean cultures to the present. The history of Western architecture is marked by a series of new solutions to structural problems. During the period from the… … Universalium
List of Chinese inventions — A bronze Chinese crossbow mechanism with a buttplate (the wooden components have … Wikipedia
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